![]() Put this all together, with some data, and we get, for #"1 mol"# of #"NaCl"(s)#: #"Cl"(g) + e^(-) -> "Cl"^(-)(g)#lArr# chlorine was a gas, and now needs to gain an electron, the definition of electron affinity.#1/2"Cl"_2(g) -> "Cl"(g)#lArr# chlorine is now made atomic (defines bond energy).#"Na"(g) -> "Na"^(+)(g) + e^(-)#lArr# Ionization of the gas to remove an electron is by definition the ionization energy.#"Na"(s) -> "Na"(g)#lArr# sublimation of sodium solid.Our goal is to transform the reactants into their ionic gases, as that is the reaction that describes the process for which "lattice energy" is defined. We begin by writing the formation reaction, which is by definition from the elemental states at "C"# and #"1 atm"#: ![]() The Born-Haber cycle takes advantage of the state function property of the change in enthalpy to indirectly determine the lattice energy of ionic compounds through processes that utilize known thermodynamic quantities like ionization energy and electron affinity. By definition, the gaseous cation and anion forming the corresponding ionic compound release energy termed the lattice energy, the energy contained within the lattice structure.įor an alternative explanation, see here. ![]()
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